The chapter describes the political context in which the theoretical assumptions developed in the previous chapters are tested. The selected case study is Germany, spanning the years 1990–2013. The chapter provides information about the German party system and the Bundestag, arguing that Germany is a good model case for testing theory. Since reunification, the German party system has been relatively stable, with the same set of parties gaining seats in parliament, while considerable variation at the party level in terms of ideology, electoral size, and government participation exists. Work in the German Bundestag is primarily organised by parliamentary party groups. Individual MPs hold limited power and rely heavily on their parliamentary party groups to influence policy. Consequently, the chapter advocates for treating parties as unitary actors.