Persuasion, Influence, and Impression Management
摘要
This chapter explores how individuals use persuasion, influence, and impression management in organizational settings. It introduces six widely studied persuasion tactics: liking, reciprocity, social proof, commitment and consistency, authority, and scarcity, explaining how they leverage cognitive biases, social norms, and human needs to shape behavior. The chapter then examines sources of social power, distinguishing between positional power (e.g., formal authority, relevance, autonomy) and personal power (e.g., expertise, experience, personal attractiveness). These power sources provide individuals with the ability to influence others, particularly when combined effectively with persuasion tactics. Impression management is presented as a deliberate process for shaping how one is perceived, taking into account the target of influence, desired outcomes, and social dynamics. The chapter emphasizes that understanding how tactics and power interact helps individuals achieve their goals while managing impressions. Through this framework, the chapter underscores how social influence operates as a form of organizational politics and strategic behavior. Ethics are considered.