Scholarly activity represents a cornerstone of advancement in academic surgery, yet women surgeons continue to face unique barriers to productivity in this domain. Despite making significant strides in representation in surgical training programs, women remain underrepresented in high-impact publications, research grants, and academic leadership positions. This chapter explores the importance of scholarly activity in surgical careers, identifies specific challenges for women surgeons, and provides practical strategies for success. Building a sustainable scholarly portfolio requires intentional planning, strategic collaboration, and effective time management. For women surgeons, additional considerations include navigating gender bias in peer review, publication, and citation practices. A multifaceted approach incorporating mentorship networks, institutional support, and personal advocacy creates pathways for women surgeons to make meaningful scholarly contributions while advancing gender equity in academic surgery. Ultimately, increasing women’s participation in surgical scholarship not only benefits individual careers but also enriches the field through diverse perspectives, innovative approaches, and expanded research priorities.