This study analyzes sexual violence in armed conflicts (SVAC) through a systematic literature review, utilizing the PRISMA method for the selection of articles from the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. The selection focused only on Q1-ranked publications and includes the 15 highest H-index articles in each study area. The results categorize SVAC in three main areas: Social Sciences, Health, and Arts and Humanities. The themes most explored by Social Sciences focus on gender dynamics, power structures, and psychosocial impacts of SVAC. It criticizes impunity and highlights the instrumentalization of sexual violence. In Health, studies address the consequences of SVAC on sexual and reproductive health, mental health, and public health. It includes unintended pregnancies and mental health conditions such as PTSD, anxiety, and depression. In the Arts and Humanities, research explores the cultural, symbolic, and structural dimensions of SVAC. It utilizes innovative methodologies, such as “smellwalks”, and suggests therapeutic approaches for survivor empowerment, such as the dramaturgical analysis of insurgents’ sexual violence confessions. The conclusion integrates the perspectives of the identified areas, organizing the results into theoretical contributions, such as relational agency and the reinterpretation of power, and practical contributions, such actionable strategies, innovative methodologies, and directions for future research. Overall, the article shows the importance of moving knowledge into action measures that promote justice and reparation in conflict contexts.