Water is a fundamental necessity for life, yet globally, millions of rural households struggle to access clean and adequate water for daily needs. Reviewing existing literature, this chapter first clarifies the concept of water insecurity, which is not just an infrastructural issue but a deeply gendered crisis that disproportionally affects women, who are the primary water collectors in rural settings. Aligning with the concept of FPEH, this chapter further analyses the physical, psychological, and social health burdens women face due to insecurity. Real-world examples and reported case studies from India and Global South are used to demonstrate how insecurity reinforces patriarchal structures and intensifies the burden on women. Furthermore, using the concepts of SDG 6, which emphasizes clean water and sanitation, and SDG 3, which focuses on health and well-being, this chapter identifies the need for urgent interventions in rural areas. Ultimately, this study argues for a shift towards eco-social approaches in water management that prioritize women’s health, dignity, and participation. Policy recommendations include infrastructure improvements, decentralized planning, and community engagement strategies that empower women and reduce their hidden burdens. By unveiling the layered impacts on women, this study contributes to a more equitable and sustainable water future for all.