“Young neurologists” represent a diverse group of medical professionals, including residents, research fellows, and early-career specialists. This heterogeneity is amplified by the varying training programs and working conditions across different countries and regions. While young neurologists share some challenges with their more experienced peers, they also face unique issues that are related to this specific historical and societal context. These include lack of career opportunities, difficulties in achieving work-life balance, deteriorating working conditions in many regions, and heightened burnout. These factors contribute to the “brain drain” phenomenon, where professionals migrate from regions with less favorable conditions to those offering better opportunities. This chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of “young neurologists”—defining who they are, their representation and roles in local and international organizations, the specific challenges they face, and what can be learned from these new generations of clinicians and researchers.