This chapter delves into the intricacies of identifying sexual violence within historical records by focusing on the archival collection of Ezras Noshim, a Jewish charity dedicated to assisting women in early twentieth-century Argentina. By examining the organisation’s 1930s activities, particularly its 1936 report, the study highlights how Ezras Noshim began to label certain cases as ‘mental illnesses with a sexual origin’. The chapter investigates how historical context, medical assessments, and communal roles shaped the documentation and interpretation of sexual violence. It critiques how contemporary terms like ‘sexual violence’ and ‘sex work’ are applied to historical sources, revealing both their clarifying and obscuring effects. The text advocates for using the concept of epistemic injustice as an analytical tool to better understand historical cases of sexual violence and medical records. By highlighting the value of community archives, the chapter shows how these records can provide insights into cases involving women who might not have interacted directly with state institutions or judicial systems. Additionally, it examines the relationship between historical and contemporary narratives, arguing that oversimplified portrayals can both attract organisational support and reinforce misconceptions about sexual violence.