This chapter argues that Brazil has undergone substantial institutional changes affecting Executive and Legislative relations in the country and influencing patterns of governability. The roots of coalition presidentialism, as the Brazilian multiparty presidential system has been dubbed, have been profoundly altered, reducing presidents legislative and budgetary prerogatives, promoting legislative power enlargement, and altering the basis of governability by attenuating presidential dominance over the legislative agenda. Indicators of legislative success, dominance, and of vetoes overturned, in addition to increased risks of mandate interruption, have become increasingly unfavorable to the president, requiring increasing adjustments in coalition management and augmenting difficulties in negotiations and advancement of the government’s public policy agenda.