The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the importance of health data and its sharing. However, it has also shown the significant challenges in reusing accurate data from various electronic health records, particularly in supporting timely health policy decision-making, promoting population safety, and efficiently utilizing available resources. The difficulty in reusing health data primarily arises from the lack of standardization and interoperability among different systems. Artificial intelligence has demonstrated its impact in the healthcare sector, particularly in the analysis and interpretation of unstructured data, while Blockchain has shown potential for use in sectors beyond cryptocurrency, notably in the sharing of sensitive health data. This article aims to synthesize the current state of the art of the main activities or tools used to enhance data quality, as well as interoperability and security in data sharing. This review was conducted according to SEGRESS guidelines, including 29 articles published between January 2022 and February 2025 (in Q1 journals). The main findings highlight the use of artificial intelligence in classifying unstructured texts and the use of blockchain in enhancing security, privacy, and access control of health data through smart contracts.