To address the issue of vertical vibration excitation impacting the vertical dynamic response of substation structures and the service performance of their electrical equipment, this paper focuses on a substation building structure. An analysis of vertical vibration control response based on cylindrical spiral spring isolators was conducted, examining the vertical acceleration response of the substation building structure with and without control. The study investigated the vertical spectrum characteristics of the structure, 1/3 octave band acceleration levels, and Z-levels. The results indicate that when cylindrical spiral spring isolators are not installed at the base of the structure, the vertical dynamic response of the structure is significantly high. However, by designing cylindrical spiral spring isolators, the vertical dynamic response is greatly attenuated, with the vibration reduction effect on the peak vertical acceleration of each floor exceeding 92%. Moreover, the vertical dynamic response of the controlled structure shows a decreasing trend along the height direction, indicating that the designed cylindrical spiral spring isolators have superior vertical control effects. The vertical vibration acceleration spectrum of the controlled structure decreases significantly, with the first peak occurring at a frequency of 2.4 Hz, and the spectral characteristics shift towards lower frequencies. In the frequency range of 1–80 Hz, the 1/3 octave band acceleration levels and vertical Z-levels of the controlled structure are below the standard limits, with the vertical Z-levels decreasing within the range of 19.97–23.21 dB.