On December 18, 2023, a 6.2-magnitude earthquake occurred in Jishishan, Gansu, which not only caused direct seismic disasters but also triggered a series of secondary geological disasters. Among them, the liquefaction landslide-mudflow disaster chain in Zhongchuan Township, Qinghai, is highly typical and complex. This study takes this disaster chain as the object, and comprehensively uses methods such as field investigation, data analysis, and theoretical research to deeply analyze the disaster mechanism and propose feasible disaster prevention and control measures and suggestions. The research results show that the landslide-mudflow chain disaster is the result of the coupling effect of earthquake vibration liquefaction, regional special geological environmental conditions, and complex human activities. Based on this, a comprehensive protection and management plan of “retaining dam + steel pipe micro-piles + drainage channels + embankments + dredging and land leveling + culvert transformation + drainage projects + ecological restoration + barrier lake management” is proposed. The research results provide a scientific basis for disaster prevention and control in this area and similar areas.