From Docking to Deep Learning: A 3D Neural Network for Accelerating Ligand Screening
摘要
The discovery of new drugs for tuberculosis remains a significant challenge, particularly due to the rising number of multidrug-resistant cases. Traditional molecular docking approaches, while effective, are computationally expensive, especially when employing Fully-Flexible Receptor (FFR) models. This study proposes a novel deep learning-based approach to filter candidate ligands before docking, thereby reducing computational costs without compromising accuracy. We introduce a 3D Deep Neural Network (DNN) trained on molecular docking results obtained from an FFR model of the InhA enzyme. The model utilizes structured 3D charge density data from ligand-receptor interactions to predict Free Energy of Binding (FEB). Training was conducted using docking results from 15 ligands co-crystallized with InhA structures available in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), for model optimization, and 61 ZINC ligands for final evaluation. The proposed 3D DNN achieved a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.6133 with actual docking results and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.8392 kcal/mol. Compared to traditional docking workflows, our method significantly reduces computational costs, predicting FEB values in around 3.73 s per ligand. This work demonstrates the feasibility of integrating deep learning with molecular docking to improve rational drug design.