Polymers are vital for research and development across numerous fields because of their versatility, adaptability, and capacity to address contemporary challenges. Their applications in biomedical fields, environmental sustainability, energy solutions, and advanced manufacturing underscore their significance in driving innovation and improving quality of life. As research progresses, polymers are expected to become increasingly essential in influencing the future of technology and science. However, their environmental impact raises significant concerns. Most widely used polymers can take years to decompose, causing long-term ecological issues. This chapter focuses on the different types of polymers, their extensive application, and their impacts on health and the environment. The environmental impacts of polymer application, with a focus on forever chemicals, are explored. The associated health risks and regulatory and remediation efforts toward this issue are also addressed.