Ensuring equitable access to clean and safe water remains a critical global challenge, particularly in the Global South, where systemic inequalities, climate vulnerability, and infrastructural deficits converge. This chapter explores how international partnerships, under the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), notably SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals), are advancing water quality and safety in low- and middle-income countries. It synthesizes interdisciplinary evidence from case studies, institutional frameworks, and policy mechanisms to evaluate how global cooperation facilitates technology transfer, capacity building, financial innovation, and knowledge sharing. Drawing on examples from East and Southern Africa, Southeast Asia, and Latin America, the chapter examines how public–private partnerships, South-South collaborations, and multilateral initiatives address water governance through inclusive and locally responsive approaches. It critically interrogates the risks of dependency, unequal power dynamics, and short-termism that often undermine impact, while highlighting successful strategies rooted in community engagement, gender and youth inclusion, digital innovation, and decentralized governance. Furthermore, the chapter underscores the necessity of aligning water partnerships with climate resilience, biodiversity protection, and justice-oriented transitions. In advancing both conceptual and practical insights, this chapter contributes to reimagining water partnerships as transformative instruments—capable not only of achieving SDG targets, but also of fostering enduring systems of solidarity and sustainability. The findings provide actionable guidance for scholars, policymakers, development practitioners, and communities striving to build inclusive, accountable, and future-ready models of water governance in the Global South.