Characterizing Indoor Air Pollutant Sources in Residential Homes—Empirical Determination of Emission Rates of Formaldehyde and Volatile Organic Compound Sources from over 120 Bedrooms
摘要
This study estimates the emission rates of formaldehyde and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) in residential bedrooms by re-analyzing data of an already completed Austrian study comprising 62 mechanically and 61 naturally ventilated residential homes. So far unpublished data from air exchange rate measurements using flow hood and/or tracer gas technique was used to estimate source strength parameters. Fifteen months after move-in the median floor-area specific emission rate was around 29 μg/(m2 h) and 16 μg/(m2 h) in mechanically and naturally ventilated bedrooms respectively. Nevertheless, median formaldehyde concentration was significantly lower in mechanically ventilated (20 μg/m3) compared to window ventilated (31 μg/m3) homes. The emission rates of TVOC did not significantly depend on ventilation type and was estimated to around 150 μg/(m2 h) fifteen months after move-in. The median emission rate decreased by around 22% and 67% for formaldehyde and TVOC, respectively, between the first and the second measurement date, approximately one year apart. Furthermore, the data is used to fit a model describing formaldehyde emission rate as a function of temperature, relative humidity and air exchange rate.