Managing energy efficiency and tenant comfort during colder months presents significant challenges in commercial real estate, where strong winds and low temperatures typically lead to energy loss and operational inefficiencies. Traditional methods, such as manually adjusting supply fan speeds and using air curtains, generally offer only partial solutions to “cold drafts” (uncontrolled air infiltration), often compromising heat recovery efficiency and increasing heating and electricity consumption. This paper introduces a data-driven algorithm that dynamically adjusts supply fan output based on real-time weather conditions. The system activates when specific thresholds for ambient temperature, wind speed, and wind direction are met, increasing fan output to maintain overpressure, prevent “cold drafts”, and optimize energy use. Focusing on critical zones such as corridors and atriums–areas most sensitive to temperature fluctuations–this approach is designed to enhance system efficiency and achieve significant energy savings. Analysis of data from the 2023–2024 heating season shows that the proposed wind logic only activates overpressure mode for 163 h, rather than running continuously for the entire winter period. This allows the system to operate in balance and at higher efficiency during the remaining time. This wind algorithm is part of a comprehensive AI-based control system that takes into account occupancy, indoor climate, energy prices, and CO2 levels, ensuring the system responds only when truly needed. This targeted approach reduces average air volumes, enhances heat recovery efficiency, and achieves notable cost savings up to 28.9%. in heating and 17.2%. in electricity. 28.9% and electricity costs by up to 17.2%.

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Data-Driven Cold Draft Prevention in Commercial Buildings: Wind-Based Overpressure Optimization for Ventilation System Efficiency

  • Ivan Sukhanov,
  • Ahmet Köse,
  • Juri Belikov,
  • Aleksei Tepljakov,
  • Eduard Petlenkov

摘要

Managing energy efficiency and tenant comfort during colder months presents significant challenges in commercial real estate, where strong winds and low temperatures typically lead to energy loss and operational inefficiencies. Traditional methods, such as manually adjusting supply fan speeds and using air curtains, generally offer only partial solutions to “cold drafts” (uncontrolled air infiltration), often compromising heat recovery efficiency and increasing heating and electricity consumption. This paper introduces a data-driven algorithm that dynamically adjusts supply fan output based on real-time weather conditions. The system activates when specific thresholds for ambient temperature, wind speed, and wind direction are met, increasing fan output to maintain overpressure, prevent “cold drafts”, and optimize energy use. Focusing on critical zones such as corridors and atriums–areas most sensitive to temperature fluctuations–this approach is designed to enhance system efficiency and achieve significant energy savings. Analysis of data from the 2023–2024 heating season shows that the proposed wind logic only activates overpressure mode for 163 h, rather than running continuously for the entire winter period. This allows the system to operate in balance and at higher efficiency during the remaining time. This wind algorithm is part of a comprehensive AI-based control system that takes into account occupancy, indoor climate, energy prices, and CO2 levels, ensuring the system responds only when truly needed. This targeted approach reduces average air volumes, enhances heat recovery efficiency, and achieves notable cost savings up to 28.9%. in heating and 17.2%. in electricity. 28.9% and electricity costs by up to 17.2%.