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The paper proposes an approach to monitoring the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in aggressive gas environments using the optical absorption method. The relevance of the study is due to the need for high-precision and stable means of monitoring the air composition in the face of increasing emissions of toxic and greenhouse gases that adversely affect the environment, human health, and climatic conditions. The main element of the measuring transducer is a photodetector based on a photodiode-operational amplifier pair, for which a mathematical model describing the relationship between gas concentration and the system output voltage has been developed. The model is based on the fundamental Bouguer–Lambert–Beer law and takes into account the parameters of infrared radiation, spectral characteristics of the photodiode, the effect of temperature, pressure, and the width of the spectral absorption band. Particular attention is paid to modeling the absorption process in the selected spectral range (central wavelength of 4.267 μm), where CO2 has a pronounced intensity without significant overlap with other gases. The results of laboratory tests using calibrated gas mixtures confirmed the high accuracy and reproducibility of the readings. The error analysis demonstrated that the maximum absolute and relative errors do not exceed the established metrological tolerances, and the model is adequate over the entire operating range. The proposed approach allows for effective control of CO2 content in complex environments, including emissions from industrial, energy, and transportation sources. The novelty of the work lies in the creation of a comprehensive optical measurement model that takes into account destabilizing factors and allows the system to be adapted to different operating conditions. The results obtained indicate the prospects of implementing the developed sensor in new generation environmental monitoring systems. The results of the study can be adapted to detect other harmful gases (NOx, SO2, CH4), taking into account their spectral characteristics and physicochemical properties, which opens up prospects for the further development of sensor systems for environmental monitoring in industry, energy, and agriculture.

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Optical Measurement Converter “Gas Concentration–Voltage” for Environmental Monitoring of Aggressive Atmospheric Environments

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Igor Dudatiev,
  • Andrii Semenov,
  • Kostyantyn Ovchynnykov,
  • Maksym Prytula,
  • Serhii Maltsev

摘要

The paper proposes an approach to monitoring the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in aggressive gas environments using the optical absorption method. The relevance of the study is due to the need for high-precision and stable means of monitoring the air composition in the face of increasing emissions of toxic and greenhouse gases that adversely affect the environment, human health, and climatic conditions. The main element of the measuring transducer is a photodetector based on a photodiode-operational amplifier pair, for which a mathematical model describing the relationship between gas concentration and the system output voltage has been developed. The model is based on the fundamental Bouguer–Lambert–Beer law and takes into account the parameters of infrared radiation, spectral characteristics of the photodiode, the effect of temperature, pressure, and the width of the spectral absorption band. Particular attention is paid to modeling the absorption process in the selected spectral range (central wavelength of 4.267 μm), where CO2 has a pronounced intensity without significant overlap with other gases. The results of laboratory tests using calibrated gas mixtures confirmed the high accuracy and reproducibility of the readings. The error analysis demonstrated that the maximum absolute and relative errors do not exceed the established metrological tolerances, and the model is adequate over the entire operating range. The proposed approach allows for effective control of CO2 content in complex environments, including emissions from industrial, energy, and transportation sources. The novelty of the work lies in the creation of a comprehensive optical measurement model that takes into account destabilizing factors and allows the system to be adapted to different operating conditions. The results obtained indicate the prospects of implementing the developed sensor in new generation environmental monitoring systems. The results of the study can be adapted to detect other harmful gases (NOx, SO2, CH4), taking into account their spectral characteristics and physicochemical properties, which opens up prospects for the further development of sensor systems for environmental monitoring in industry, energy, and agriculture.