This article represents a significant advancement for both business practice and academia by proposing an innovative framework that organizes various production planning and control techniques into clear and well-defined categories. Through a two-dimensional approach that considers the decision-making time horizon, from daily operational levels to long-term strategic planning, and the degree of production repetitiveness and variety, from highly customized environments to standardized mass production, a comprehensive conceptual map was created that serves as a foundation for future theoretical developments and practical applications. The main academic contribution of this work lies in its ability to bring order to the vast and sometimes fragmented field of production planning and control systems. By positioning each methodology, including Material Requirements Planning (MRP), Kanban, Constant Work in Progress (CONWIP) and Paired-cell Overlapping Loops of Cards with Authorization (POLCA) in its appropriate place within this two-dimensional space, it becomes possible to represent, for the first time, a unified structure that allows for the comparison and contrast of different approaches and their applicability in various production contexts. This organization of knowledge has implications for future research, as it establishes clear relationships between systems that were previously studied in isolation. The analysis reveals interesting patterns in the evolution of production planning and control systems, notably how pull-based approaches tend to dominate operational quadrants, while push systems are more prevalent in strategic planning.