In this chapter, we will present three cases that demonstrate the diagnostic complexities of assessing and managing different neuropsychiatric conditions as they relate to an individual’s ethnocultural background, adverse childhood experiences, and life history. The personal and clinical narratives for these individuals focus specifically on those with a history of international adoption, immigration, and asylum-seeking status. These cases highlight the need for a nuanced approach to clinical evaluation and management that emphasizes cultural humility, care collaboration, awareness of diagnostic overshadowing, and understanding of the clinical impact of sociocultural differences. As migration patterns continue to evolve, it is critical that medical professionals identify and address the unique physical, mental health, and systemic needs of these children and their families. At the end of this chapter, we will include resources that clinicians can access to learn more about caring for patients of diverse ethnocultural backgrounds.