Shakespeare’s play King JohnKing John includes lines describing an exceedingly strange celestial sight: Hubert: My lord, they say five moons were seen tonight … King JohnKing John: Five moons? Did chronicles listing notable events in the year 1200, during the reign of King John, actually report such a sighting of “five moons” simultaneously in the heavens? What is the connection to cold weather and to reflection and refraction by ice crystals in the upper atmosphere? Does the scientific literature contain well-attested examples of phenomena described in contemporary accounts as multiple suns or multiple moons?   The mythological story of Hero and Leander tells a tragic tale of lovers who live on opposite sides of the Hellespont, the narrow waterway that separates Europe from Asia. Leander promises to swim across and to visit Hero by night. The trysts end before the break of dawn, and Leander swims back to his home. One night a storm arises, Leander loses his way, and he drowns in the wild waves. By the next morning, his body washes ashore onto the rocks below Hero’s tower, and she casts herself down from her tower to join him in death. The romantic tale of Hero and Leander inspired artists, sculptors, and poets such as Ovid, Christopher Marlowe, and Lord Byron. Does J. M. W. Turner’s painting, The Parting of Hero and Leander, accurately represent how the moon could appear in the morning twilight sky? What constellations are mentioned by the poets, as they describe how Leander could use the stars as aids to navigation? Marlowe’s poem refers to “false morne.” What actual astronomical phenomenon is commonly known as “false morn” or “false dawn”?