The sustainability of water supplies may be guaranteed by groundwater management, particularly considering rising demand and climatic unpredictability. This chapter discusses the sophisticated use of Earth observation systems and artificial intelligence in groundwater management. In groundwater monitoring, prediction, and decision-making, using AI algorithms in conjunction with satellite and remote sensing data improves process accuracy and efficiency. It starts with a synopsis of the fundamental ideas behind AI and Earth Observation and then goes into great depth about how they might work to evaluate groundwater. The authors will provide case studies to illustrate successful implementations, highlighting the advantages and difficulties faced. The development of AI-based decision support tools and predictive models, which have the potential to completely transform groundwater management techniques, will also be covered. This article also discusses ethical issues and prospects, offering a comprehensive view of the situation and new developments. It will give scholars, decision-makers, and practitioners the information and resources they need to use AI and Earth Observation to improve sustainable groundwater management.