Southern Africa is predominantly an agrarian sub-region. It is the primary source of livelihood and income for over 50% of all the countries in the sub-region. Agriculture contributes significantly to these countries’ Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The chapter aims to provide an overview of the status of agriculture in Southern Africa, focusing on Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe. It presents the current status of agricultural activities in countries in Southern Africa, the contributions of the sector in each country, and key policies and challenges faced. The different sectors are compared and contrasted to learn lessons for improving the agriculture sectors in the different countries going forward. The chapter draws from primary and secondary literature in both grey and academic formats. It utilises government reports and reports from research and policy institutions. The chapter shows that due to the lack of resources to develop their economy in other sectors, countries in the sub-region have focused on agriculture to establish themselves. The chapter concludes that farming will continue to dominate the economies of Southern Africa for many years to come.