Influence of Cryogenic Cooling on Surface Roughness and Cutting Forces During Milling of ASTM A890 GR 6A Super Duplex Stainless Steel
摘要
Cooling during machining is essential to ensure stable cutting conditions and to extend tool life. The high temperatures generated in the cutting zone affect the properties of both the workpiece material and the cutting tool. Liquid nitrogen acts as an ultra-low-temperature coolant, and when applied to the machining process, it enables the processing of materials with poor machinability, such as super duplex stainless steel, which is widely used across various industrial sectors. Key parameters of interest include surface roughness and cutting forces. This study aimed to investigate the influence of cryogenic cooling on surface roughness and cutting forces during the face milling of ASTM A890 GR 6A super duplex stainless steel. Milling tests were carried out using cryogenic cooling and conventional mineral-based soluble oil, following an experimental design with variations in cutting parameters: cutting speeds of 155 and 125 mm/min, feed rates of 0.10 and 0.05 mm/rev, and depths of cut of 0.60 and 0.30 mm. Cutting forces were measured using a Kistler load cell, and surface roughness was evaluated with a Mitutoyo SJ-301 profilometer. The results showed that cryogenic cooling reduced Ra roughness values by 26.5%, Rz by 25.3%, and Rp by 21.8%. Regarding cutting forces, an increase of 17% in feed force and 40.8% in cutting force was observed when using cryogenic cooling.