The consequences of global warming, entailing environmental and socioeconomic changes that are a challenge for humanity, also open up new geopolitical opportunities. The global significance of these changes and possible economic benefits leads to an ever-growing interest in the ArcticArctic regionThe Arctic region from non-Arctic countries. Thus, China'sChina interest in the Arctic is the economic prospects of the Northern Sea Route, which open up the possibility of implementing the “Polar Silk Road”Polar Silk Road strategy, as well as the country’s own long-term resource and energy security and economic sustainability. Three of the eight ArcticState statesArctic states are members of the European Union, which makes the Arctic regionThe Arctic region strategically important for the EU too in terms of climateClimate change, raw materials, and geostrategic influence. Whether GreeceGreece, as part of the EU, is affected by the changes taking place in the Arctic remains debatable. The article aims to compare the Arctic programs of such dissimilar players of the world politics as ChinaChina and Greece, which can be productive for predicting how other countries with relevant geopolitical interests will build their own concept regarding the ArcticArctic region.