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The zooplankton community in Chilean lakes is characterized by its marked dominance of calanoids copepods, due probably mainly to the oligotrophy in many ecosystems, and moderate conductivity as second causal factor, on this basis calanoids copepods would have a key role as main grazer and prey of predators such as fishes and aquatic birds. The aim of the present study is to analyse the variations of calanoids average size in a wide gradient of Chilean lakes. The observed results revealed that in fish presence it had a significant direct lineal regression between calanoids size with latitude, whereas in fish absence, it had a significant indirect association between calanoids size with crustacean zooplankton average. The multiple regression analysis revealed that in fish presence calanoid size has directly associated with latitude and zooplankton average, whereas in fish absence it has indirect association between calanoids size with habitat surface and direct with zooplankton mean size. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that environmental parameters latitude has a markedly opposite with temperature and conductivity, whereas for biological parameters similar trend was observed between sites with fish absence/presence with mean sizes (total and calanoids). In this context, there are three main groups, one joined by subsaline lagoons in north of Chile (23–27° S) without fishes, with high temperature and conductivity values and low zooplankton sizes, a second group that joined large and small lakes (38–51°S), with fish presence, low conductivity, moderate to high conductivity, and moderate zooplankton sizes, finally, a third group, with low temperature, moderate conductivity and high zooplankton sizes. The present observed results would agree with similar comparative observations for northern hemisphere lakes, that involves the marked direct association between daphniids cladoceran size with latitude, that would be similar with preliminary observations for southern hemisphere lakes where calanoids copepods are dominant.

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Calanoids Copepods Sizes Patterns in a Latitude Gradient in Chilean Lakes and Lagoons.

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Patricio R. De los Ríos-Escalante,
  • Eliana Ibáñez-Arancibia,
  • Carlos Esse

摘要

The zooplankton community in Chilean lakes is characterized by its marked dominance of calanoids copepods, due probably mainly to the oligotrophy in many ecosystems, and moderate conductivity as second causal factor, on this basis calanoids copepods would have a key role as main grazer and prey of predators such as fishes and aquatic birds. The aim of the present study is to analyse the variations of calanoids average size in a wide gradient of Chilean lakes. The observed results revealed that in fish presence it had a significant direct lineal regression between calanoids size with latitude, whereas in fish absence, it had a significant indirect association between calanoids size with crustacean zooplankton average. The multiple regression analysis revealed that in fish presence calanoid size has directly associated with latitude and zooplankton average, whereas in fish absence it has indirect association between calanoids size with habitat surface and direct with zooplankton mean size. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that environmental parameters latitude has a markedly opposite with temperature and conductivity, whereas for biological parameters similar trend was observed between sites with fish absence/presence with mean sizes (total and calanoids). In this context, there are three main groups, one joined by subsaline lagoons in north of Chile (23–27° S) without fishes, with high temperature and conductivity values and low zooplankton sizes, a second group that joined large and small lakes (38–51°S), with fish presence, low conductivity, moderate to high conductivity, and moderate zooplankton sizes, finally, a third group, with low temperature, moderate conductivity and high zooplankton sizes. The present observed results would agree with similar comparative observations for northern hemisphere lakes, that involves the marked direct association between daphniids cladoceran size with latitude, that would be similar with preliminary observations for southern hemisphere lakes where calanoids copepods are dominant.