This chapter analyzes the institutional and administrative evolution of the Threatened Species Conservation Program in Mexico. The transition from the Wildlife General Directorate to the National Commission of Protected Natural Areas in 2007 represented a strategic change in conservation policy, with the aim of obtaining greater financial and human resources. As part of this transformation, the Threatened Species Conservation Program was created. This program incorporated the development of a group of recovery plans for species conservation to prioritize management attention to threatened species. This chapter addresses the role of recovery plans for selected threatened species, the main threats affecting them, and the proposed conservation strategies and actions. Despite advances in conservation planning, challenges persisted, such as the limited funding, the need of strengthening monitoring and evaluation systems, and integrating conservation into broader governance structures. The findings of this study can contribute to a better understanding of the design and implementation of biodiversity conservation policies in Mexico.