Hydrothermal ore deposits are among the most significant sources of the world’s metals, forming through the circulation of hot, metal-laden aqueous fluids within the Earth’s crust. These deposits develop when hydrothermal fluids—often enriched in elements such as sulfur, chlorine, sodium, potassium, copper, gold, lead, zinc, tin, and tungsten—move through fractures and pore spaces in rocks, dissolving, transporting, and eventually precipitating valuable minerals as the fluids cool or react with the surrounding rocks (Skinner, 1997). The geochemistry of minerals in hydrothermal ore deposits is shaped by a complex interplay among the composition of the fluid, the constituent minerals of the host rock, and factors such as temperature and pressure (Reed, 1997; Rimstidt, 1997).