Even though extensive experimental investigations were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) confinement technique in improving the compressive behavior of undamaged concrete columns, there is minimal research on FRP confinement performance in the case of concrete with thermal-induced damage. In this study, an experimental program assessed the level of FRP confinement-induced improvements in severely heat-damaged concrete columns subjected to compression. For this purpose, 24 circular cross-section concrete elements were cast to form two series with different concrete strength classes, which were tested through axial compressive tests. Heat-damaged specimens were initially exposed to 700 °C, and after reaching ambient conditions, they were wrapped with different configurations of carbon and glass FRP (CFRP and GFRP). Three FRP passive confinement configurations were considered in this study: i) full confinement with CFRP sheet; ii) partial confinement with CFRP strips; and iii) hybrid confinement with GFRP full wrapping and CFRP partial wrapping. The compressive strength, axial ductility, and axial stress-strain behavior of the tested specimens were examined and compared. Due to the tendency of high transverse deformation in unwrapped zones of the CFRP partial confinement arrangements, the combination of GFRP full confinement with CFRP partial wrapping could offer a superior balance between confinement-induced improvements and cost-competitiveness.