To address the issues of brittle fracture and insufficient transverse strength in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), this study proposes a hybrid fiber pultruded-braided bar through fiber hybridization technology and pultrusion-braiding composite process. A micro-macro dual-scale modeling approach was systematically employed to investigate the effects of carbon/glass fiber hybrid ratio and braiding parameters (fiber type and braiding angle) on axial tensile properties, with explicit consideration of the spatial arrangement characteristics of braided yarns. The results demonstrate that: (1) the proposed modeling method accurately predicts the stress evolution in braided structures, revealing highly heterogeneous stress distributions within the braided layer and significant stress concentration at yarn crossover points; (2) stress-strain analysis confirms brittle fracture characteristics in all specimens, with failure modes governed by the mechanical dominance of carbon fiber cores; (3) axial stiffness increases progressively with higher carbon fiber content, while carbon fiber reinforced specimens exhibit superior mechanical performance across all braiding angles, though material properties decrease with increasing braiding angle. The developed numerical simulation methodology can be extended to predict performance under complex loading conditions such as bending and shear.