The glulam technique offers an efficient approach to timber construction, yet certain structural elements demand enhanced strength, stiffness, and improved failure characteristics. With the rising adoption of glulam beams in contemporary construction, this study investigates the behavior of glulam beams reinforced with externally-bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets through an experimental, and numerical analyses. The research evaluates nine glulam beams – both unreinforced and reinforced with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets of varying lengths – under four-point bending tests to assess flexural and shear strength, stiffness, and failure modes. Experimental results reveal that CFRP reinforcement significantly increases load-carrying capacity (up to 48% higher than unreinforced beams), enhances stiffness, and shifts failure from brittle tension modes to more ductile compression-dominated mechanisms, thereby improving structural reliability and delaying collapse. Finite element modeling (FEM), validated against experimental data, accurately predicts load-deflection behavior, stress distributions, and failure patterns with less than 10% deviation, confirming its efficacy as a design tool. The study includes an analytical framework integrating experimental principles and FEM, accounting for linearities behavior and fracture mechanics, to optimize the design and assessment of FRP-reinforced glulam beams. These findings underscore the potential of CFRP reinforcement to strengthen timber structures while highlighting the importance of reinforcement length and bonding quality in achieving optimal performance.