The growing demand for sustainable and resilient buildings has accelerated the development of multifunctional construction materials capable of improving both thermal performance and structural integrity. In this context, the integration of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) into cementitious matrices has emerged as a promising strategy to regulate indoor temperatures and reduce energy consumption. PCM-concrete materials can thus potentially be employed as mortars in inorganic matrix composite systems, such as Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) and Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC), for integrated seismic and energy retrofitting interventions. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of PCM-enhanced concrete, evaluating its mechanical and thermal behavior and highlighting the associated trade-offs. Through a critical review of the current literature, the work assesses the feasibility of using PCM-based composites as smart, passive components for the strengthening of existing buildings. The findings emphasize the potential of developing hybrid TRM/TRC systems that combine PCM mortars with textile reinforcement, thereby enhancing seismic performance while enabling passive energy regulation.