MagnetismMagnetism is not a new phenomenon to men. Chinese writings mentioning magnetismMagnetism date to 645 B.C. and magneticMagnetic artifacts have been found in Egyptian pyramids and ancient Greek archeological sites. However, it wasn’t until the late 1500s that the English scientist William GilbertGilbert investigated magnetismMagnetism using scientific methods. He discovered that the Earth itself is a magnetMagnet. Later, in the early part of the 1800s, Danish scientist Hans Christian OerstedOersted first suggested the relationship between electricity and magnetismMagnetism. In this module we will review the basic physical properties of magnetismMagnetism and in the following module we will discuss how we use electro-magnetismMagnetism. Some of the themes of the chapter are represented in Figs. 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3. Figure 9.1 shows a 4-pole magnet. Figure 9.2 shows birds using the earth's magnet field to migrate. Figure9.3 shows a magnet used to accelerate electrons.