Understanding the potential of biomass carbon stocks in bamboo plantations within local or regional landscapes is crucial for evaluating its effectiveness in mitigating climate change through carbon sequestration. The present study examines the carbon sequestration potential of four common bamboo species: Bambusa nutans, Bambusa vulgaris, Dendrocalamus strictus, and Melocanna bambusoides in the irrigated region of Punjab, Pakistan. The results indicated that the maximum litter biomass production (6.49 Mg ha−1) was recorded in the B. vulgaris grove, and it exceeded by 4.62%, 16.64% and 13.41% when compared to B. nutans, D. strictus, and M. bambusoides groves. The highest total biomass carbon (148.85 Mg ha−1) was recorded in D. strictus grove and it was 22.15%, 48.95% and 92.42% greater than B. vulgaris, B. nutans and M. bambusoides groves, respectively. M. bambusoides grove exhibited the highest total SOC stock (32.29 Mg ha−1) and it was 11.83%, 26.51% and 42.27% greater than B. nutans, B. vulgaris and D. strictus groves, respectively. The above findings indicate that integration of bamboo plantations into regional landscape can serve as a viable choice for carbon sequestration and carbon trading as well as for climate change mitigation, in addition to their social and economic benefits to the region's rural communities.