Bacteria of the genus Azospirillum belong to plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. They are actively used as biofertilizers in agriculture and have the ability to mitigate stress caused by various abiotic environmental factors. This chapter examines the role of bacteria of the genus Azospirillum in reducing stress in crop plants caused by heavy metals, pesticides, perchlorate, drought, salinity, hydrocarbons, and radiation. Mechanisms for reducing stress caused by various pollutants during inoculation of plants with these bacteria are described. The methodological part of the chapter systematizes data on methods of inoculation of various crop plants with bacteria of the genus Azospirillum separately and in combination with other microorganisms or fertilizers. Methods for assessing the level of stress in plants are also described: what indicators can be used and what methods can be used to determine them.