This chapter touches upon the evolution and current trends of digital agriculture—especially the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into agricultural technology. We start by discussing the general concept of digitalization and how it contributes to the transformation of farming practices. Afterwards, a short overview of past and current technological advances leveraging digital methods to improve agricultural practice, with a focus on crop or more generally biomass production, is provided. Then we cast light on how AI can be understood in this context and work out a generic perspective on intelligent agricultural technology. The latter concept is then used to first critically reflect on the current degree of AI utilization in agricultural technology and, in consequence, show potential pathways where and how AI and related advanced digital technology can foster bioeconomy.