Investigations on the Definition of Indoor Air Moisture Levels Tailored for Building UK Construction Typology
摘要
Moisture in buildings remains a complex and unresolved issue with significant health and economic implications. In the UK, demand for professional remediation services has risen by 10% in recent years, aligned with growing cases of condensation and mould reported in the 2024 English Housing Survey. The UK Centre for Moisture in Buildings (UKCMB) estimates that £19.2 billion may be required to address moisture-related problems. Although acknowledged by authorities and industry for decades, effective control has yet to be achieved. Disputes between landlords and tenants often arise due to the complex causes of damp and condensation. Local councils rely on the Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS), a risk-based assessment tool that assigns hazard scores to initiate corrective actions. Currently, indoor relative humidity (RH) and water activity (aw) are key parameters in regulations. However, these are insufficient alone, as moisture levels depend on multiple factors including occupant behaviour, ventilation, external climate, and building envelope performance. This study investigates indoor moisture through building typology-based analysis. It reviews legislative frameworks and current assessment methods, and employs numerical simulations to explore various UK typologies. Results suggest that a universal threshold for acceptable moisture is unrealistic without considering construction-specific and surface variables.