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This study examines the external condition of 1,067 residential buildings in 22 smaller towns and settlements in Estonia to identify prevalent construction defects and moisture-related damages. A standardized digital survey methodology was employed, supplemented with photographic documentation and data retrieval from the Estonian National Register of Buildings. The study focuses on visible structural issues, renovation history, and the impact of environmental factors on building deterioration. The research reveals that a significant number of buildings, even those recently renovated, exhibit moisture-related problems stemming from both ageing and risky renovation practices. Key issues include damaged plinths, inadequate rainwater systems, deteriorating wall finishes, and roof deterioration. Common problems with plinths include crumbling plaster, damaged flashing, and being buried due to rising ground levels. Rainwater systems frequently suffer from blockages, damage, and a lack of proper water diversion, contributing to foundation and façade damage. Wall issues range from worn and peeling paint to the use of unsuitable materials that trap moisture and accelerate decay. Unfinished or temporary construction also accelerates decay. Approximately 66% of surveyed buildings require significant renovation, with many exhibiting aging materials and outdated construction methods that contribute to structural decline. The study also highlights the long-term consequences of poor renovation choices, such as the application of concrete shells to plinths, which can exacerbate deterioration. Additionally, the neglect of essential building components like window casings and proper sills contributes to moisture accumulation and structural damage. Overall, the findings underscore the importance of appropriate materials, proper construction techniques, and regular maintenance in preserving the integrity and longevity of buildings. The study’s findings contribute to the broader understanding of sustainable maintenance practices for historic and traditional housing stock.

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Learning from Mistakes: Surveying Moisture-Related Damages in Historic and Traditional Houses

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Üllar Alev,
  • Alois Andreas Põdra,
  • Targo Kalamees

摘要

This study examines the external condition of 1,067 residential buildings in 22 smaller towns and settlements in Estonia to identify prevalent construction defects and moisture-related damages. A standardized digital survey methodology was employed, supplemented with photographic documentation and data retrieval from the Estonian National Register of Buildings. The study focuses on visible structural issues, renovation history, and the impact of environmental factors on building deterioration. The research reveals that a significant number of buildings, even those recently renovated, exhibit moisture-related problems stemming from both ageing and risky renovation practices. Key issues include damaged plinths, inadequate rainwater systems, deteriorating wall finishes, and roof deterioration. Common problems with plinths include crumbling plaster, damaged flashing, and being buried due to rising ground levels. Rainwater systems frequently suffer from blockages, damage, and a lack of proper water diversion, contributing to foundation and façade damage. Wall issues range from worn and peeling paint to the use of unsuitable materials that trap moisture and accelerate decay. Unfinished or temporary construction also accelerates decay. Approximately 66% of surveyed buildings require significant renovation, with many exhibiting aging materials and outdated construction methods that contribute to structural decline. The study also highlights the long-term consequences of poor renovation choices, such as the application of concrete shells to plinths, which can exacerbate deterioration. Additionally, the neglect of essential building components like window casings and proper sills contributes to moisture accumulation and structural damage. Overall, the findings underscore the importance of appropriate materials, proper construction techniques, and regular maintenance in preserving the integrity and longevity of buildings. The study’s findings contribute to the broader understanding of sustainable maintenance practices for historic and traditional housing stock.