The continuous expansion in infrastructural development has driven up construction activities leading to more demand for raw aggregates for concrete production, resulting in considerable raw resources depletion, construction waste generation and increase in greenhouse gas emissions. However, aggregates sourced from these construction waste can be recycled as an alternative aggregate in new concrete to reduce the demand for virgin aggregates. But recycled aggregates are weak, and there is the need for treating to enhance its quality before use. Consequently, this study examined the effect of coating the surface of recycled aggregates with blended calcined clay-cement slurry on the structural strength development of the freshly produced concrete. The recycled aggregates were initially pre-treated before soaking in the slurry suspension for the surface coating procedure. Two concrete batches were developed using coated and uncoated aggregates as a partial substitute for granite in concrete mixes at percentage levels of 0, 30, 45, 60, and 90% at constant water/cement of 0.25. Slump test was carried out on all fresh mixes, while compressive and split tensile strength tests were carried on the hardened samples. Surface morphology of selected concrete samples was examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results indicate an improvement in the workability and strength properties of the concrete with coated aggregate at an optimum range of 30–60%, thus suggesting the possible reuse of recycled aggregate as alternative aggregate for making eco-friendly concrete to achieve environmental sustainability and waste reduction.