Saudi Arabia's building and construction sector generates a substantial amount of construction and demolition (C&D) waste, much of which is not properly segregated at the source. With Vision 2030, sustainability and resource efficiency, source segregation has the potential to support the implementation of circular economy principles. However, the extent to which source segregation is being adopted in Saudi Arabia and the challenges affecting its implementation remain unclear. This study employs a two-phased methodological approach to assessing the current state of C&D waste source segregation in Saudi Arabia. By synthesising existing literature, this study aims to provide a clearer understanding of the gaps in knowledge, regulatory frameworks, and industry readiness for source segregation in Saudi Arabia. The first phase consists of a scientometric analysis, which examines research trends, key thematic areas, and citation impact from relevant literature. The second phase involves a desktop review, which reviews government policies, industry practices, and implementation challenges related to C&D waste segregation. The findings reveal a significant research and knowledge gap in this space. Furthermore, while Saudi Arabia has introduced regulatory initiatives and infrastructure investments to improve C&D waste management, implementation remains inconsistent due to a variety of reasons. These include ineffective regulatory enforcement, lack of industry awareness, and high operational costs. The findings will contribute to ongoing discussions on sustainable construction and offer insights into potential pathways for improving C&D waste management practices in alignment with Vision 2030 goals.