This chapter highlights the need for Vietnam to develop policies to cope with the seriousPopulation Aging issue of population aging. Vietnam is one of the countries with the fastest population aging in the world, and this leads to a very high possibility that Vietnam will fall into the middle-income trap. Meanwhile, a part of the older people in Vietnam can still participate in the labor force to reduce the social burden as well as contribute to the national income. The two main policy groups were proposed are policies to improve the quality of life and policies to create job opportunities for the older people. To effectively implement population aging policies, it is necessary to have close coordination between government agencies and social organizations to create a unified system to support the older people to participate in the labor force. These successful policies will create conditions for Vietnam older people to continue to contribute to the national income, thereby reducing the social burden and helping Vietnam escape the middle-income trap.