Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes a considerable worldwide health challenge, as evidenced by alarming statistics that indicate its increasing occurrence and elevated demise values. Notwithstanding advancements in care of medicine, the care of HCC continues to be problematic regardless of the late stage being diagnosed, few beneficial therapy choices, tumor diversity, and resistance to drugs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have garnered significant interest as critical regulators of HCC development. These small non-coding RNA molecules are crucial in regulating expression of genes and are associated with several cellular processes pertinent to cancer formation. Particular miRNAs have been found to exhibit specific expression in individuals with HCC, suggesting that they may serve as biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and prognosis. Comprehending the complex framework in HCC, miRNAs-mediated molecular pathways are crucial for elucidating the intricate techniques of HCC and formulating innovative cure strategies. Thus, this book chapter seeks to deliver an exhaustive analysis of the latest exploratory and health care results concerning the intricate function of miRNAs in affecting the principal characteristics of HCC, along with their prospective clinical applications as HCC diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.