The identity is a part of every politics. Every politics, in its design and implementation, affects identity. In this chapter, we deal with the issue of identity politics, and we answer the question of what identity politics are, and how they have evolved from antiquity to the present day. Political ideologies have a different view of identity and produce different identity politics. Hence, the chapter distinguishes between liberal, conservative, and socialist identity politics. In doing so, particular attention is paid to multiculturalism as the dominant model of identity politics. The chapter analyzes the labyrinths through which multicultural identity politics are implemented. Civic politics are also analyzed from an ethno-cultural and civic perspective.