A considerable proportion of mothers who kill their children are mentally ill, especially those who kill beyond the first 24 hours after childbirth. In so-called “filicides,” nearly half the perpetrators have a psychosis or a severe depression (Resnick, Am J Psych 126:325–334, 1970). However, mental illness cannot explain the remainder. This chapter discusses the stressors experienced by mothers who kill their children when they are neither “mad, bad or sad.” We term this the “blind rage/overwhelmed” syndrome. Mothers who commit infanticide have been considered either “mad” or “bad.” However, there is a relatively small overall contribution by psychotic illness (approximately 10% overall and perhaps up to 50% in filicides, i.e., children killed after 24 hours of birth). In Australian society, the morbidity risk of psychotic illness is 3.45 per 1000 persons aged 18–45 years, and the prevalence of psychopathy is only 1.2% (Sanz-García et al. 12: 661044, 2021). Up to 4% of mothers with untreated postpartum psychosis will commit infanticide (Altshuler and Hendrick J Clin Psychiatry 59:29, 1998). In a Finnish study of filicides, the rate of psychosis and psychotic depression was found in 51% of convicted mothers, and 76% of the mothers were deemed not responsible for their actions by reason of insanity (Kauppi et al., J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 38:229, 2010). Another study by Friedman et al. of 39 women deemed to be insane after committing filicide revealed that 5% were victims of incest and 49% had been abandoned by their mothers (Friedman et al., J Forensic Sci 50(6):1466, 2005).