In the Sahel, available water resources are challenged by climate change and overexploitation, reducing their quantity and quality. In Zinder, Niger, water supply systems are fragile. Adding to this scourge is the operation of the Zinder Refining Company (SORAZ), a water-intensive industry that increases water consumption in the region. The refinery's activities are accompanied by the production of a significant volume of wastewater, the recovery of which could relieve pressure on water resources while contributing to the protection of the local environment. This study aims to characterize the SORAZ oil wastewater and assess the possibility of its recovery. The samples were collected over a six-month period from October 2024 to March 2025. The physicochemical parameters were determined using wastewater characterization methods described by HACH Company. The data obtained was processed using R Studio software. Qualitative analysis of the characteristics of these waters showed that they meet discharge standards. Compared to reuse standards, the pollutants are at levels that do not allow their direct reuse in the refining process, irrigation, and aquaculture. The COD/BOD5 ratio indicates that biological treatment is not feasible. Principal component analysis, which shows correlations between pollutants, suggests that water quality could be improved through the application of chemical or electrochemical treatment.