Secure Internet Servers (SIS) are critical systems designed to protect online data and communications through the implementation of advanced encryption technologies, including Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS). These servers play a fundamental role in fighting corruption by fostering transparency, accountability, and public trust. Secure internet servers facilitate the development of open data platforms and e-government services, enabling governments to host transparent public records and deliver online services, while reducing the need for face-to-face interactions which also mitigates opportunities for bribery and other corrupt practices. This paper empirically examines the dynamic relationships between SIS and two key governance indicators: Government Effectiveness (GE) and Control of Corruption (CoC) using panel data from 185 countries over the period 2010–2020. By employing Vector Error Correction Models (VECMs), the paper reveals that SIS significantly contributes to reducing corruption in both the short and long run by fostering transparency, automating processes, and reducing opportunities for discretionary abuses. However, the findings of the VECM didn’t provide evidence of a direct causal relationship between SIS and government effectiveness, highlighting the necessity of complementary institutional and policy reforms to enhance their impact. Yet, and with further investigation, the panel fixed effect regression indicated that government effectiveness directly strengthens and widens SIS. These results underscore the dual role of SIS as a foundational component of e-governance and a critical enabler of anti-corruption measures. The paper provides actionable insights for policymakers on integrating SIS investments with institutional reforms to achieve sustainable governance improvements.

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Enhancing Governance: How Secure Internet Servers Drive Anti-corruption and Strengthen Government Effectiveness

  • Mohammad Makki,
  • Danielle Khalife

摘要

Secure Internet Servers (SIS) are critical systems designed to protect online data and communications through the implementation of advanced encryption technologies, including Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS). These servers play a fundamental role in fighting corruption by fostering transparency, accountability, and public trust. Secure internet servers facilitate the development of open data platforms and e-government services, enabling governments to host transparent public records and deliver online services, while reducing the need for face-to-face interactions which also mitigates opportunities for bribery and other corrupt practices. This paper empirically examines the dynamic relationships between SIS and two key governance indicators: Government Effectiveness (GE) and Control of Corruption (CoC) using panel data from 185 countries over the period 2010–2020. By employing Vector Error Correction Models (VECMs), the paper reveals that SIS significantly contributes to reducing corruption in both the short and long run by fostering transparency, automating processes, and reducing opportunities for discretionary abuses. However, the findings of the VECM didn’t provide evidence of a direct causal relationship between SIS and government effectiveness, highlighting the necessity of complementary institutional and policy reforms to enhance their impact. Yet, and with further investigation, the panel fixed effect regression indicated that government effectiveness directly strengthens and widens SIS. These results underscore the dual role of SIS as a foundational component of e-governance and a critical enabler of anti-corruption measures. The paper provides actionable insights for policymakers on integrating SIS investments with institutional reforms to achieve sustainable governance improvements.