The paper compares the functions of the Russian language in modern Georgia with its functions in the pre-Soviet, Soviet, and post-Soviet periods. The paper deals with the factors that contributed to the increase in the number of Russian-speaking immigrants in Georgia and the activation of functions of the Russian language that had been absent for a long time. Some areas of the sociodemographic scope in which the Russian language functions are identified, particularly in the electoral process, education, healthcare, information and communication, cultural production, the penitentiary system, and business. The paper ends with conclusions about Russian immigrants’ linguistic profile in Georgia.