The baseline assessment of Rural Water Supply Schemes (WSS) was conducted to understand the existing risks and challenges in responding to the effects of climate change. This assessment was implemented with the technical and financial support from UNICEF and the Department of National Community Water Supply (DNCWS). The methodology consisted of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The data was collected through PRA (Participatory Rapid Appraisal) tools such as community mapping, transect walk, and administration of questionnaires. The findings of the assessment revealed that only 16% of WSS use Water Safety Plans (WSP) as a risk assessment tool. They hardly include climate-resilient interventions to mitigate climate risks and 74% of WSS have been affected by climate change. Out of this, 77% of the WSS was impacted by drought while 15, 4, and 3% of the WSS were affected by flood, landslides, and saltwater intrusion accordingly. These results showed that the issue of drought is widespread across the country while floods are mainly in low-lying areas, saltwater intrusion occurs in a small part of the coastal area, and landslide issues occur mainly in hilly areas. Most CBOs shorten the water supply during prolonged dry periods or droughts due to a reduction of yield or complete drying up of the water source because of rainfall reduction in the catchment. The extension of WSP as Climate Resilient Water Safety and Security Plans (CRWSSP) has been identified as an essential requirement for sustainable water supply in rural, with necessary policy-level revisions and capacity building (Deere in Climate-resilient water safety plans: managing health risks associated with climate variability and change. Geneva, WHO, 2017 [4]).