This chapter examines Kuhn’s views on the social sciences and the impact of his work on the self-understanding of social scientists, from 1968 to the present. It traces the multifarious aspects of the relation between Kuhn’s work on natural science and the activities of social scientists. Kuhn’s knowledge of social science was uneven, and his own practice of it left him unsatisfied, but his model of paradigms and scientific change greatly strengthened post-positivist trends in the philosophy of science, including that of social science. His holistic approach, shared with French traditions, shaped structuralist Marxism in the English and German language areas. The term paradigm has become used in increasingly metaphorical ways, notably in the so-called ‘paradigm wars’ around social science methodology. More generally in the social sciences, however, the relations between opposed theoretical ‘paradigms’, or whatever we choose to call them, have been largely pacified, as the rest of the world becomes more warlike and dangerous.