Introduction
摘要
The landscape of global supply chains has never been more complex or volatile. Decades of globalization created intricate, geographically dispersed networks offering efficiency but also introducing inherent fragility. In recent years, these networks have faced unprecedented pressure from a confluence of forces: disruptive global events like pandemics, escalating geopolitical tensions, rapid shifts in consumer demand, increasing calls for sustainability, and the relentless pace of technological change. Traditional approaches to supply chain management, often relying on historical data, periodic planning cycles, and siloed operations, are increasingly proving insufficient to navigate this turbulent environment. The need for enhanced visibility, predictive foresight, operational agility, and robust resilience is no longer just a competitive advantage—it is a necessity for survival and success.