Cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium, L), also referred to as ‘tannia’ belongs to the Araceae Family and is an important root and tuber crop grown worldwide. About 400 million people living in the tropics rely on cocoyam as a staple food. Tannia production is limited by two devastating diseases. Dasheen mosaic virus (DMV) is the most important virus that infects cocoyam. A second and important limitation is the destruction due to the Cocoyam Root Rot Disease (CRRD) caused by the oomycete, Pythium myriotylum, leading to losses as high as 90% in infected fields. This review covers all aspects of the CRRD distribution, pathogen biology and identification. A major portion of the chapter deals with the management of the disease and among the different strategies, biological control and disease suppressive soils emerge as prominent strategies. Biological control against the CRRD has mainly been demonstrated using Pseudomonas and Trichoderma. Suppressiveness to CRRD has been described in the volcanic andosols of Cameroon. High organic matter and certain physicochemical properties mediate disease suppression of andosols via improvement of soil structure, and nutrient content. The cocoyam rhizosphere in suppressive andosols harbors a diverse population of antagonistic Pseudomonas bacteria that produce a wide variety of cyclic lipopeptides. In addition, endophytic antagonistic  Streptomyces bacteria were found in these soils. Management of CRRD with disease suppressive compost-amendment shows that the population of P. myriotylum was relatively lower in such compost-amended soils. Therefore, for CRRD management, use of disease-free cocoyam planting material along with soil organic amendments based on compost, and crop rotation are recommended.